The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for managing and setting standards for international aviation. It was established in 1944 and is headquartered in Montreal, Canada. ICAO works with its 193 member countries to develop and enforce international standards and regulations for aviation safety, security, efficiency, and environmental protection. Its primary goals include ensuring the safety and orderly growth of international civil aviation while promoting cooperation among nations in this field. ICAO also plays a crucial role in facilitating air navigation, establishing air routes, and fostering a harmonized global aviation system.